ABOUT CERAMICS
The word "ceramics" comes from the
Greek word keramos, meaning "burnt earth." Glass, a supercooled liquid with an
amorphous molecular structure, is sometimes classified as a ceramic. The most
common industrial ceramic is aluminum oxide, also know as alumina (chemical
formula Al2O3). Ceramics are inorganic materials, which means they do not
contain carbon and are extracted from mineral sources. Ceramics are crystal
structures made of metallic ions. Bonding is either partially or completely
ionic.
For many years, ceramics were clay-based materials, but have been developed in
recent history to include crystalline solids composed of metallic and
nonmetallic materials. These ceramic materials possess highly engineered
microstructures (little or no porosity, fine grain size, and high purity) and
useful properties for industry (high strength, toughness, hardness, and tailored
electrical properties).
When the word ceramic is mentioned, we immediately think of such products as
pottery, sanitaryware, whiteware, tiles, table china, etc. Advanced ceramics
such as oxides, carbides, and nitrides are relatively unknown materials because
they are not visibly present in our daily lives, but offer great value to
industry nonetheless. Click
here to see a list
of industrial applications that benefit from the properties of industrial
ceramics.